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EDITOR
Dr. Saiful I. Dildar



 

 


I.T. Manager
Mohammad Ruhul Amin



Assistance by :
The Institute of Rural Development-IRD



EDITORIAL OFFICE:
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Editorial

‘Fortnightly’  পাক্ষিক

‘Manabadhikar’মানবাধিকার


২৮তম বর্ষ ৬৫৫তম সংখ্যা ১ অক্টোবর ২০১৯ইং

 



শিশুশ্রম, শিশু শ্রমিক ও মানবাধিকার
 

সম্প্রতি সংবাদপত্রে দুইটি শিশুর বিষয়ে প্রতিবেদন ছাপা হয়েছে। কর্মরত দুইটি শিশু হাতুড়ি-বাটাল নিয়ে পরিশ্রমের কাজে রত। শিশু দুইটিকে নিয়ে প্রকাশিত ছবিটির নিচেই প্রকাশিত হয়েছে একটি রিপোর্ট। রিপোর্টের শিরোনাম “পেটের দায়ে শিশু বয়সেই শ্রমিক ওরা”। রিপোর্টার লিখেছেন ‘স্কুল বা কোনা শিক্ষা প্রতিষ্ঠানেই ওদের লেখাপড়া করার সুযোগ হয়নি। শুধু লেখাপড়া কেন, কোন বিষয়েই প্রাতিষ্ঠানিক শিক্ষা পায়নি ওরা। কারণ, পরিবারের দারিদ্র্য। দারিদ্র্যের কারণে পেটের দায়ে ওরা এখন শ্রমিক- শিশু শ্রমিক।” শিশু শ্রম একটি মানবাধিকার লঙ্ঘনজনিত কাজ। তবে শিশুদের বেঁচে থাকার নিুতম ব্যবস্থা করার দায়িত্ব রাষ্ট্রের।
বস্তুত বাংলাদেশের লক্ষ লক্ষ শিশু শ্রমিকের প্রতিনিধি ঐ দুইটি অবোধ শিশু। দেশের সবখানে তথা শহর ও গ্রামে কাজ করে অগণিত শিশু ও কিশোর। যেই বয়সে তাদের লেখাপড়া করার কথা, খেলাধূলা করার কথা, সেই বয়সে তাদের কাজ করতে হয়। অধিকাংশ সময় করতে হয় কঠিন পরিশ্রমের কাজ। বিড়ি কারখানা, দিয়াশলাই কারখানা, সী ফুড; গৃহকর্ম, তাঁত শিল্প ইত্যাদি স্থানে তাদের ঝুঁকিপূর্ণ কাজও করতে হয়। প্রায় সকল ক্ষেত্রেই দারিদ্র্যই তাদের ঠেলে দেয় অকালে কর্মময় জীবনে। নিজেদের জীবিকা তারা নিজেরাই উপার্জন করে। কখনো কখনো পরিবারের ব্যয় ভারও তাদের কাঁধে এসে চাপে। সে ভারও তারা বহন করে। কর্মক্ষেত্রে তারা যে ন্যায়ানুগতভাবে মজুরী পায় তাও নয়। অধিকাংশ ক্ষেত্রে তাদের যথার্থ মজুরী দেয়া হয় না। অত্যাচার নির্যাতনও চলে অনেক ক্ষেত্রে। দরিদ্র দেশ। করারও তেমন কিছু নেই। গার্মেন্টস ফ্যাক্টরীতে শিশুশ্রম নিষিদ্ধ করা হয়েছে। কিন্তু সার্বিকভাবে শিশুশ্রম নিষিদ্ধ করা বাস্তবিক কারণেই সম্ভব নয়। করলে লক্ষ লক্ষ শিশু-কিশোরদের জীবনে নেমে আসবে আরো অধিক যন্ত্রণা, ক্ষুধার যন্ত্রণা।
এটা সত্য যে, শিশুশ্রম একটি বিশ্ব সমস্যা। পরিসংখ্যান অনুসারে সারাবিশ্বে শিশু শ্রমিকের মোট সংখ্যা প্রায় ২৫ কোটি। এই ২৫ কোটির মধ্যে দশ বছরের কম বয়েসী শিশুর সংখ্যা সাত কোটি ত্রিশ লাখের উপরে। হতভাগ্য শিশু শ্রমিকদের মধ্যে প্রায় ১৩ কোটি রয়েছে এশিয়া প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরীয় অঞ্চলে। বাংলাদেশে শিশু শ্রমিক আছে এক কোটির উপরে। তারা কাজ করে। দিন-রাত কাজ করে। তাদের কোন ট্রেড ইউনিয়ন নেই। তারা সংগঠিত নয়। ফলে তাদের বেতন-ভাতা নিয়ে কারো তেমন মাথা ব্যথাও নেই। যে যেভাবে পারে তাদের খাটিয়ে নেয়। তাদের প্রতি সুবিচার করার মন-মানসিকতাও খুব কম মানুষেরই আছে। অথচ অভিজ্ঞতা বলে যে, শিশু-শ্রমিকরা কার্যক্ষেত্রে পরিণত বয়স্ক শ্রমিকদের তুলনায় নেহায়েত কম কাজ করে না।




 

 

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Bangladesh has nothing to worry about NRC, Modi tells Hasina 

 

Human Rights Report
Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina holds bilateral talks with her Indian counterpart Narendra Modi in the sidelines of UNGA at Kennedy Room of Lotte New York Palace in New York, US on September 27, 2019 Focus Bangla
The foreign minister said the entire gamut of bilateral concerns like the issues of NRC and water-sharing of the common rivers, including Teesta, came up for discussions between the two prime ministers.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi has assured his Bangladesh counterpart Sheikh Hasina that the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in India will have no impact on Bangladesh and there is no need to be worried about it. Modi made the assurance at a bilateral meeting held between him and Sheikh Hasina at Kennedy Room of Lotte New York Palace on Friday.
"The talks [between Hasina and Modi] were held in a very cordial and friendly environment," said Foreign Minister Dr AK Abdul Momen while briefing reporters after the meeting.
The foreign minister said the entire gamut of bilateral concerns like the issues of NRC.
or ethnicity.




.BHRC & IHRC Human Rights Report on September 2019 in Bangladesh

Total 169 persons killed in

September 2019


Human Rights Report:

The documentation section of Bangladesh Human Rights Commission (BHRC) and International Human Rights Commission-IHRC jointly furnished this human rights survey report on the basis of daily newspapers and information received from its district, sub-district and municipal branches. As per survey it appears that 169 peoples were killed in September, 2019 in all over the country. It proves that the law and order situation is not satisfactory. Bangladesh Human Rights Commissions extremely anxious about this situation. In the month of September, 2019 average 5 people were killed in each day. The Law enforcing agencies and related Govt. departments should be more responsible so that percentage of killing May be brought down to zero level. To institutionalize the democracy and to build human rights based society the rule of law and order must be established everywhere. Through enforcing rule of law only such violation against human rights can be minimized.
It appears from documentation division of BHRC:
Total 169 peoples killed September 2019
Killing for dowry 4, killing by family violence 30, Killed due to social discrepancy 36, Political killing 7, Killed by Law enforcing authority 28, Killed due to doctor negligence 5, Abduction 7, Assassination 9, Mysterious death 38, Women & Chilled killed due to rape 5, Killed by Acid throwing 1
Killed by several accidents: Killed by road accident 228, Suicide 15
Besides victims of torture:
Rape 53, Sexual Harassment 14, Torture for Dowry 4, Journalist torture 2, Acid throwing 1.



 

Making cities child-responsive 
S. M. Rayhanul Islam

Human Rights Report:
Shaping urbanization for children: A handbook on child-responsive urban planning, Published by UNICEF, 2018, Pages: 192, ISBN: 978-92-806-4960-4
In an era of rapid urbanization, over half the world's people - including more than a billion children - now live in urban areas. Urban areas - cities and towns - of course, offer great potential to secure people's life. Children (the most vulnerable groups of any community) in urban areas are often better off than their rural counterparts in relation to higher standards of health, sanitation, protection, education, recreation and so on. But urban advances have been uneven, and millions of children across the world, in marginalized urban settings, have to confront daily challenges and deprivations of their rights. Analysis of the main urban contexts demonstrates that urbanization does not necessarily ensure sustainable urban environments for all children. An estimated 300 million of the global population of slum dwellers are children, who suffer from multiple deprivations, live without a voice and have no access to land, housing and basic services. For children, it means unhealthy and unsafe environments, limited options for walking and playing, limited connectivity to social networks, services and local economy. Hence, given the global trend in urbanization, there is significant potential to engage with children in the decision-making processes that affect their physical urban environment, their interaction with urban resource systems and shape their behaviour.
The UNICEF publication "Shaping urbanization for children: a handbook on child-responsive urban planning" presents concepts, evidence and technical strategies to bring children to the foreground of urban planning. It calls all urban stakeholders (i.e. urban planners, city governments, private sectors, civil society organizations, and so on) to invest in child-responsive urban planning, recognizing that cities are not only drivers of prosperity, but also of inequity. By focusing on children, this publication provides guidance on the central role that urban planning should play in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), from a global perspective to a local context, by creating thriving and equitable cities where children could live in healthy.


 

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Ending violence against children

 

Human Rights Report:

A statistical analysis of violence against children, Published by UNICEF, ISBN: 978-92-806-4767-9
The Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) and other international human rights treaties guarantee that children everywhere should live free from all forms of violence. Nevertheless, violence remains an all-too-real part of life for children around the world - regardless of their economic and social circumstances, culture, religion It is proved that children who have been severely abused or neglected are often hampered in their development, experience learning difficulties and perform poorly at schools. They may have low self-esteem and suffer from depression, which can lead, at worst, to risky behaviors and self-harm. Witnessing violence can cause similar distress. Children who grow up in a violent household or community tend to internalize that behavior as a way of resolving disputes, repeating the pattern of violence and abuse against their own spouses and children. Beyond the tragic effects on individuals and families, violence against children carries serious economic and social costs in both lost potential and reduced productivity.
The UNICEF publication "Hidden in Plain Sight: A statistical analysis of violence against children" presents the latest statistics on violence against children, drawing on data from 190 countries around the world. By examining global patterns of violence as well as attitudes and social norms, this evidence based report sheds light on an issue that has remained largely undocumented. Its objective is to use data to make violence against children and its many ramifications more visible, bringing about a fuller understanding of its magnitude and nature and offering clues to its prevention.
Over the last decade, recognition of the pervasive nature and impact of violence against children has grown. Still, the phenomenon remains largely undocumented and underreported. This can be attributed to a variety of reasons, including the fact that some forms of violence against children are socially accepted, tacitly condoned or not perceived as being abusive.



 
 

Child health in jeopardy over random use of antibiotics   

Human Rights Report:

Hasibul Karim lives with his family in capital's Goran area. His 7-year-old daughter Rodela suffers from cold and cough often. Sometimes she gets high fever lasting four to five days. Karim went to a pediatrician, who prescribed seven-day antibiotic course for Rodela alongside normal medicine for fever.
"Children naturally don't like to take medicine. Moreover it is very hard to complete the seven-day antibiotic course for them. Whenever we force her to take the antibiotic, she began crying, compelling us to leave the course incomplete, which, I think, is creating more risk for her," Hasibul Karim said. Antibiotics are very effective to treat infection, but it is losing its effectiveness through the random use.
According to a research conducted by International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (icddr'b), the tendency of buying and taking antibiotics without prescription is growing rapidly. After feeling a little better, many people stop the course on its halfway. The researchers fear that if this bad practice continues, one day these antibiotics will not work anymore as the intake of inadequate amount of antibiotics is affecting internal organs like kidney and liver and making human beings vulnerable to various diseases.


 
 

Police investigate after man says he found baby in freezer
 


Human Rights Report:
A St. Louis man says a box that had been in his mother's freezer for decades contained the mummified remains of a newborn baby, which he discovered while cleaning out her home after she died.
Adam Smith told St. Louis media outlets that he opened the cardboard box Sunday expecting to find something like the top of his mother's first wedding cake or money because she never had a bank account. Instead, he says he found an infant's body and a pink blanket.
St. Louis police confirmed that they are investigating a "suspicious death" involving an "unknown infant" found inside the home and that autopsy results were pending. However, police would not answer questions Tuesday beyond an incident summary released Monday. That summary said that police were called to the home just before 1 a.m. on Sunday and did not say where in the home the remains were found.
Smith said police questioned him for two hours and that he provided investigators with a DNA sample.
Smith said his mother took the box with her as she moved to four different apartments in St. Louis but that she wouldn't answer her children's questions about it. He said he remembers asking his mother when he was 7 or 8 years old why she seemed sad. "All I can remember is that she told me, 'My oldest child would have been 21 today,'" he recalled. "And that her name was 'Jennifer.'"

 

 



 

 


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